Fire Salamanderファイアサラマンダー
Salamandra salamandraLC— Least Concern
The fire salamander is a striking black-and-yellow amphibian native to the forests of central and southern Europe, instantly recognizable by its bold warning coloration. Rather than laying eggs like most amphibians, females give birth to already-developed larvae directly in water, and adults defend themselves by spraying a neurotoxin called samandarin from glands behind the head. Long associated with fire in European folklore—inspiring its name—the species can live for decades, with one documented individual surviving 50 years in captivity.
Fire Salamander (reference photo)
Species Data
Did You Know?
- Its striking black-and-yellow warning coloration is backed up by a potent defense: when threatened, it can spray toxin from its parotoid glands at speeds of up to 300 cm per second. Source
- Its primary toxin, samandarin, causes muscle convulsions and hypertension in vertebrates; larvae lack the toxin entirely, and production only begins as the animal reaches sexual maturity. Source
- Unlike most amphibians, it is ovoviviparous, giving birth to already-developed larvae directly into water rather than laying eggs, typically producing around 30 larvae per litter and up to about 70. Source
Where to See This Species
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Verified individual animals and facilities will be added as official information becomes available.
Conservation Story
Conservation Status
IUCNではLC（低懸念）です。地域によっては生息地の変化や感染症が脅威になります。
Habitat
ヨーロッパの落葉広葉樹林、湿った渓谷、水辺。
Threats
- 森林と水辺の改変
- 両生類の感染症
- 道路による生息地の分断
Conservation & Breeding Efforts
- 森林と繁殖水域の保全
- 感染症の監視
- 地域個体群の保護
Sources
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FAQ
- Is the fire salamander poisonous?
- Yes. It produces a neurotoxin called samandarin in glands behind its head and can actively spray it at threats, causing muscle convulsions and hypertension in vertebrates that come into contact with it. Source
- Does the fire salamander lay eggs?
- Not typically. Unlike most amphibians, females are ovoviviparous, retaining fertilized eggs internally and giving birth directly to free-swimming larvae in water, usually around 30 per litter. Source
- How long do fire salamanders live?
- They are notably long-lived amphibians; one documented individual at Museum Koenig in Germany survived for 50 years in captivity. Source
Source: ja.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org