Golden Poison Frogモウドクフキヤガエル
Phyllobates terribilisEN— Endangered
The golden poison frog is the largest and most toxic member of the poison dart frog family, endemic to a tiny strip of Pacific rainforest in Colombia spanning less than 5,000 square kilometers. Its skin carries roughly one milligram of batrachotoxin, an amount potent enough to kill 10 to 20 humans, making it widely regarded as the most poisonous vertebrate on Earth. Indigenous Emberá hunters traditionally used its toxin to coat blowdart tips, giving the family its common English name, though the frog itself is entirely immune to its own poison thanks to evolved resistance in its muscles and nerves.
Golden Poison Frog (reference photo)
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Species Data
Did You Know?
- A single frog carries roughly one milligram of batrachotoxin in its skin, an amount estimated to be enough to kill 10 to 20 humans, or even two African elephants. Source
- Batrachotoxin works by locking sodium channels open, forcing muscles into sustained contraction and ultimately causing cardiac arrest, yet the frog's own muscles and nerves have evolved resistance to it. Source
- Indigenous Emberá people in Colombia traditionally coated blowdart tips with this frog's toxin for hunting, a practice reflected in the common name "poison dart frog." Source
Where to See This Species
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Conservation Story
Conservation Status
IUCNでEN（絶滅危惧種）です。狭い分布域の熱帯林を守ることが重要です。
Habitat
コロンビア太平洋岸低地の湿潤な熱帯雨林。
Threats
- 熱帯林の伐採と分断
- 限られた分布域の環境改変
- 違法な採集
Conservation & Breeding Efforts
- 生息地の保護
- 飼育下繁殖
- 違法取引の抑止
Sources
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FAQ
- How poisonous is the golden poison frog really?
- It is considered the most toxic vertebrate on Earth: a single frog carries roughly one milligram of batrachotoxin in its skin, enough to kill 10 to 20 humans or even two African elephants. Source
- Why is it called a poison dart frog?
- Indigenous Emberá people in Colombia traditionally extracted this frog's toxin and coated the tips of hunting blowdarts with it, giving rise to the common name used for the whole family. Source
- How is the frog itself immune to its own poison?
- Batrachotoxin normally forces sodium channels in muscle and nerve cells to stay open, causing fatal contractions, but this species has evolved structural resistance in those same channels, making it immune to a toxin that would kill almost any other animal. Source
Source: ja.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org