American Bisonアメリカバイソン
Bison bisonNT— Near Threatened
The American bison is the largest land mammal in North America, once numbering in the tens of millions across a range stretching from Alaska to the Gulf of Mexico. Nineteenth-century mass slaughter reduced the population to a few hundred animals, but conservation efforts have since rebuilt wild herds to roughly 31,000, and the species is now classified as Near Threatened by the IUCN. It remains an ecological keystone species, shaping the grasslands it grazes.
American Bison (reference photo)
Species Data
- Classification
- Artiodactyla / Bovidae Source
- Distribution
- American bison once ranged across a vast 'bison belt' from Alaska to northern Mexico and the Atlantic seaboard. Today they survive in national parks such as Yellowstone and Wood Buffalo, on conservation herds and ranches across North America, and in reintroduced populations in Russia's Yakutia region. Source
Did You Know?
- Mass slaughter during the 1870s drove the population from an estimated 60 million down to just a few hundred animals, pushing the species to the brink of extinction. Source
- Despite their bulk, bison can run 65 to 70 km/h (40–45 mph), and at Yellowstone National Park they injured more visitors than bears did between 1980 and 1999. Source
- The wild population, reduced to about 541 animals by 1889, has recovered to roughly 31,000 by 2019 thanks to conservation efforts, though many herds carry cattle DNA from historical crossbreeding. Source
Where to See This Species
7 facilities · 0 individuals
アドベンチャーワールド (Adobencha World)WakayamaOpened in 1978
アドベンチャーワールドのWikipedia記事に飼育種として記載 Source
千葉市動物公園 (Chibashi Doubutsu Kouen)ChibaOpened in 1985
千葉市動物公園のWikipedia記事に飼育種として記載 Source
東京都恩賜上野動物園 (Toukyoutoonshiueno Doubutsuen)TokyoOpened in 1882
東京都恩賜上野動物園のWikipedia記事に飼育種として記載 Source
東武動物公園 (Toubu Doubutsu Kouen)Saitama東武動物公園駅（西口）下車、徒歩10分（600m）またはバス約5分。
東武動物公園のWikipedia記事に飼育種として記載 Source
浜松市動物園 (Hamamatsushi Doubutsuen)ShizuokaOpened in 1950
浜松市動物園のWikipedia記事に飼育種として記載 Source
富士自然動物公園 (Fujishizen Doubutsu Kouen)ShizuokaOpened in 1980
富士自然動物公園のWikipedia記事に飼育種として記載 Source
Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical GardensAichiOpened in 1937
名古屋市東山動物園のWikipedia記事に飼育種として記載 Source
Source links to official sites, official YouTube channels, and news aggregators such as Zoo Ring. Visit the publisher for the full item.
Conservation Story
Conservation Status
IUCNではNT。保護により回復したが、野生個体群の管理が重要である。
Habitat
北アメリカの草原、疎林、河畔。
Threats
- 生息地の減少
- 小規模個体群の遺伝的課題
- 家畜由来の疾病
Conservation & Breeding Efforts
- 保護区での群れの維持
- 再導入
- 飼育下個体群の管理
Sources
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FAQ
- Why did American bison nearly go extinct?
- Mass commercial slaughter during the 1870s collapsed the population from an estimated 60 million to just a few hundred individuals in only a few decades. Source
- How fast can an American bison run?
- Despite weighing up to around 1,270 kg, bison can run at 65 to 70 km/h, faster than most people expect from such a large animal. Source
- Are American bison still endangered?
- The species has recovered substantially, from about 541 wild animals in 1889 to roughly 31,000 by 2019, and is currently classified as Near Threatened rather than Endangered by the IUCN. Source
Source: ja.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org